Application Areas

Digestion services for Food industry


Digestion of food in the human digestive system is complex and includes many physicochemical processes that control food intake and nutrient absorption
We are beginning to understand that the structure and physicochemical properties of food as well as its composition are critical factors that significantly influence digestibility, nutrient absorption and hence the nutritional value and health impact of a food. To understand the health benefits of a certain diet or food ingredient it is important to study and understand the release of nutrients from real foods during the digestion process.
This is extremely challenging and very expensive to study the digestion process in human studies. Therefore we use a range of in vitro models which have been validated in human studies, which can replicate the human digestive system. The models have been designed to complement human studies so we can understand precisely when, where and how food and their nutrients are broken down and released during the digestion process.



General Studies

Food Structure & physical properties

Food Composition

Fate of Probiotics

Dietetic factors

Food Processing

New Product Development 

Nutrition and Health Claims

Mechanistic Insights of Human Digestion

Digest Gut

Application Areas & Methods 

Our methods can be used to evaluate the influence of digestion conditions, and to carry out studies on the positive or negative effect of food structure (particle size, viscosity, addition of emulsifiers, etc.), food composition (food fortification, etc.), the survival of probiotic bacteria, dietetic factors (interactions between food components such as fibre, minerals, etc.) and food processing (thermal and non-thermal treatment, fermentation, etc.) and storage upon nutrient and bioactive compound bioaccessibility, in order to establish the nutritional value of foods and improve food formulation/design and new product development.

Viscosity

Viscosity

Cellular structure

Cellular structure

Phytochemicals bioaccessibility

Phytochemicals bioaccessibility

Starch digestion

Starch digestion

Lipid separation

Lipid separation

Protein digestion

Protein digestion

Peptide production

Peptide production

Probiotic survival

Probiotic survival

Prebiotic delivery

Prebiotic delivery

Minerals

Minerals

Bioaccessibility of Micronutrients

Bioaccessibility of Micronutrients

Bioavailability studies

Bioavailability studies

Examples of past studies 


Parameter Method of Analysis Output References
Viscosity Rheological analysis Plot of changes in viscosity
Cellular structure Microscopy Changes in cell/surface integrity Mandalari et al. (2014b)
Phytochemicals bioaccessibility GC, HPLC Effect of food matrix on the bioaccessibility of bioactives from pistachios during simulated digestion Mandalari et al. (2013)
Phytochemicals bioaccessibility HPLC-DAD Effect of food matrix and composition on polyphenol

Udomwasinakun et al (2024)

Starch digestion Starch analysis Changes in ration of glucose: starch, total starch Efect of particle size on starch degradation from Durum wheat Ballance et al. (2013)
IFR, unpublished data
Lipid separation  Total lipid release and fatty acid analysis
Effect of mastication and processing on lipid release from almond seeds Mandalari et al. (2014b)
Matrix restructuring and lipid bioaccessibility Lipid analysis and microscopy Role of gastric digestion on phase separation in foods containing different forms of fat

Salt et al (2023)

Protein digestion 1D and 2D SDS-PAGE, RP-HPLC, MALDI-ToF, immunoblotting Effect of food matrix on protein digestion from almond seeds Mandalari et al. (2014b)
Protein digestion
SDS-PAGE, protein analysis
Effect of processing on digestibility of milk proteins

Mulet-Cabero et al (2019)

Protein bioaccessibility Protein analysis, Microscopy
Protein release from a fungal cell matrix (mycoprotein)

Colosimo et al (2020)

Starch digestion Enzyme kinetics, microscopy, sugar analysis
Mycoprotein inhibits starch digestibility which explains reduced glycaemic response in humans
Colosimo et al (2020)
Beta-glucan release
Sugar analysis, microscopy
Comparison of beta-glucan release from plant and fungal sources and effect of digestive enzymes

Colosimo et al (2021)

Peptide production
1D and 2D SDS-PAGE, RP-HPLC, MALDI-ToF, immunoblotting
Persistence of allergens from cow’s milk and peanut flour
IFR, unpublished data
Probiotic survival
Culturing on selective media
Effect of food matrix on probiotic survival in the upper GI tract
Lo Curto et al. (2011) and Pitino et al. (2010, 2012)
Prebiotic delivery Culturing on selective media, genetic analysis
Delivery of potential prebiotics in the distal GI tract
Mandalari et al. (2010)